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Probate

内地家庭处理香港遗产继承时的常见错误

OLN Marketing

内地家庭处理香港遗产继承时的常见错误

June 15, 2026 by OLN Marketing

当一位内地人去世并在香港留有资产时,家人可能会发现,香港的程序与内地大不相同。银行账户和保险箱会被冻结,公司不能营运,房产无法出售,需处理的文件似乎没完没了。许多延误和额外费用都源于少数几个反复出现的错误。


本文列举了内地家庭在处理香港遗产时容易犯的六个常见错误,以及如何避免这些错误。

内地继承程序是否足以处理香港资产?

一个非常普遍的误解是:一旦遗产在中国内地处理完毕(例如,通过公证继承证书或内地法院判决),香港的银行及其他机构就会自动认可这一结果。
可惜并非如此。香港有自己的遗产承办(probate)制度和法院程序。即使内地所有文件都齐全,通常仍需要获得香港的遗产承办书(有遗嘱时称为“遗嘱认证”,无遗嘱时称为“遗产管理书”),香港的银行、券商和土地注册处才会允许转让资产。
虽然内地的死亡证明、继承公证和/或法院判决是重要证据,但这些文件不能代替香港的法院程序。

“微小”的差异会被忽略,还是会被视为重大问题?

从香港法院的角度看,细节很重要。对普通人来说细微的差别,也可能导致遗产承办延误。例如:

  • 护照、香港账户和内地身份证上的姓名拼音不一致;
  • 旧的户口本记录未能反映实际的亲属关系;
  • 缺少离婚判决书或再婚证明;
  • 出生日期不一致,或英文拼音翻译不统一。

每一个差异都可能引发法院要求更多证明文件和额外的宣誓书,从而拖慢遗产承办书的批出。有些家庭会把自己手头的文件交上去,以为“差不多就行”,结果后发现还需要额外的公证、翻译和/或确认。
更有效的方法是:一开始就仔细审核所有身份、婚姻和户口记录,尽早发现缺口和不一致之处,并在香港申请前或申请过程中予以更正或更新。这样可以节省时间,并降低遗产承办处发出书面要求(requisitions)的风险。

能否假设“香港法律适用于香港的所有资产”?

另一个常见假设是:既然资产在香港,就由香港法律决定谁来继承。实际情况更为复杂。
基本原则是:

  • 香港的不动产(房地产)适用香港法律。
  • 香港的动产(银行存款、珠宝、股票、基金份额)在最终由谁继承的问题上,通常适用死者去世时的居籍地法律——对许多内地企业家而言,这将是中国内地的继承法。
  • 居籍(domicile)不等于国籍或简单居住地;它指的是一个人意图无限期地以该国家或地区为家或被认定为永久居所的地方。当一个人长期在香港或海外居住,但与内地保持紧密联系时,居籍问题就变得复杂。

忽视这些问题可能会带来意外,尤其是当内地和香港关于继承人的规则不同时。适当的规划和仔细的居籍分析,有助于确保您希望的家人真正继承香港资产。

继承人能否只依靠内地顾问处理一切,而不聘请有经验的香港顾问?

有些家庭希望“省时省钱”,完全从内地处理香港遗产继承,只使用不熟悉香港遗产承办实务的内地公证人或顾问。这往往导致申请表格和宣誓书不符合香港的形式要求,对谁有优先权申请遗产承办书产生错误假设,以及当遗产承办处提出难以回答的质询时,造成不必要的延误。
结果可能是数月的来回沟通、重复提交文件,以及继承人无法获得用于生活开支、纳税和/或企业经营所需的资金,感到非常沮丧。
实践中,从一开始就由香港本地团队管理法院程序、协调内地公证人、并就正确策略提供建议,通常比远程试错更高效、更划算。

依赖一份内地遗嘱处理一切,却未检验其在香港的效力

许多内地企业家确实在内地立了遗嘱,但没有考虑该遗嘱对其香港资产如何运作。
常见问题包括:

  • 内地遗嘱未明确提及海外资产,或使用了让香港银行和券商感到模糊的通用措辞;
  • 没有指定熟悉香港的遗嘱执行人,导致申请香港遗产承办书更加困难;
  • 后来的遗嘱或遗嘱修订附件无意中撤销了原本用于涵盖香港资产的早期文件;
  • 赠与的结构给香港公司股权(例如私人公司的股份)带来操作困难。比如,遗嘱对企业家在香港公司股份的分割方式,可能与公司的实际设立或运营方式不符。这会使得死亡后股份转让更慢、更复杂,影响企业为家人顺利运营。

一份涵盖“全球所有资产”的内地遗嘱,原则上肯定是有效的,但对香港而言未必是最优解。在某些情况下,单独一份经过精心协调的香港遗嘱(与内地遗嘱并存,而非替代它),可以显著简化遗产管理,减少延误。

不立遗嘱真的那么严重吗?

最后,最严重的错误可能也是最常见的——不立任何遗嘱。不幸的是,一旦死亡发生,对继承人而言就太迟了。
如果一位内地企业家在没有有效遗嘱的情况下去世(即“无遗嘱”),香港资产将面临若干问题。遗产将按照固定的无遗嘱继承规则分配,这可能完全不符合死者的真实意愿。例如,资产在配偶、子女和父母之间的分配方式,可能与企业家设想的非常不同。此外,忠诚的员工、亲密的朋友、远亲以及非近亲的人将无权继承遗产。
在无遗嘱的情况下,没有选定的遗嘱执行人。家人需决定由谁申请遗产管理书,并且常常因此对遗产的控制权产生纠纷。

香港公司如在遗产承办书批出前没有明确授权的人做出决策,企业的持续经营可能受到影响。

对于拥有跨境资产的富裕家庭而言,无遗嘱通常意味着更多时间、更多文件、以及更多的冲突风险。一份结构良好的遗嘱,或一套针对不同司法管辖区协调订立的遗嘱,能让继承人更顺利地接管香港资产,并高效地实现死者的意愿。

结论

通过深思熟虑和提前规划,可以让死者的受益人在面对困难、不确定的局面时,获得一个更可预期、更高效的过程。通过避免上述六个常见错误,内地企业家及其继承人可以在处理香港遗产继承时更有信心,在艰难时期减少不愉快的意外。

免责声明: 本文仅供参考。本文中的任何内容均不得诠释为香港法律建议或向任何人提供的任何与此相关的法律建议。对于任何人因本文所含的内容而造成的任何损失和/或损害,高李严律师行不承担任何责任。

Filed Under: oln, 长者法律服务, 私人客户 – 遗产规划和遗嘱认证

Oldham, Li & Nie Expands International Offering with Addition of Italian Registered Foreign Lawyer

May 18, 2026 by OLN Marketing

We are pleased to announce that Valerio Scimemi has joined the firm as a Registered Foreign Lawyer (Italy), further expanding OLN’s cross-border offering.

Admitted to practice law in Italy since 2001 and before the Italian and European higher courts since 2015, Valerio brings more than 25 years of international legal experience. His practice focuses on commercial and corporate law, international contracts, M&A, extraordinary transactions, and cross-border business expansion.

Over the course of his career, Valerio has advised European and Asian clients on commercial, corporate and industrial law, labour law, banking and finance, intellectual property, and complex M&A transactions. He has particular expertise in business development and intermediation, as well as in the international expansion of businesses in the luxury fashion, oil and gas, F&B, and spirits sectors.

The addition of Valerio marks another important milestone in OLN’s strategic growth and reinforces the firm’s commitment to providing seamless international legal services. His appointment builds on the firm’s established Chinese, French and Japanese practices, as well as its U.S. tax advisory capability.

For more information about Valerio and his practice, visit: https://oln-law.com/our-people/valerio-scimemi/.

Filed Under: 最新消息, 公司和商业法

遗产规划与持久授权书

April 27, 2026 by OLN Marketing

您已经规划了您过世后怎样处理一生辛苦经营的财富吗,还是在拖延这件事呢?

死亡是几乎每一个人都害怕的事情,但您不会希望因为未设定一份遗嘱,导致没有办法按照您的意愿来做分配。

我们来讨论一下设定遗嘱需要考虑的事情吧!

首先,您需要确定谁是您的受益人。另外,如果其中一位受益人​​比您先去世,您也需要有一个候补计划。

第二,您需要选择一位遗产执行人。遗产执行人是负责向法院申请遗产承办并在法院批准后,实际执行资产分配的人。比如,他需要与银行交涉,取出存放在保险箱中的物品,并将现金亲手交给所有受益人。

第三,遗嘱的储存方式和地点也是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。

除了设定遗嘱之外,如果希望避免因病或意外而失去行为能力(行为能力代表法律设定的某个程度的精神状态),您可以考虑设定一份持久授权书。

持久授权书只在您在世时有效。它的作用是让您在失去行为能力时,授权一个能信任的人代表您处理各种财务事宜,包括帮助您处理医院和医生的费用,进行房地产交易或解决其他经济问题。为什么您自己无法完成这些事务呢?因为一旦银行知道或怀疑您失去行为能力的时候,他们不会接受您的指示。

总之,遗产规划可以保护您和您的家人。就算有遗嘱,也可能引发遗产争议。如果没有遗嘱,您所爱的人可能在失去您以后因为情绪高涨而出现矛盾。死亡常常让爱您的人情绪变得非常波动。

如果您想讨论如何规划您的遗嘱,请随时联系我们的律师团队。

Filed Under: 最新消息和刊物, 长者法律服务

持久性授权书 (EPOA)、监护权和监护

April 24, 2026 by OLN Marketing


当精神健康恶化时,我们应该如何保护家庭财产呢? 香港人的平均寿命越来越长,但随着这个趋势,老人家的精神能力也可能会下降。如果缺乏法律规定的精神能力(法律上称为行为能力),我们无法进行最基本的金钱交易,比如去银行提款来支付医院的账单。

持久授權書

为了避免各种机构和政府部门拒绝接受你对金钱交易的指示,你应该考虑设定一份持久授权书。

根据《持久授权书条例》,持久授权书允许你选择一位值得信赖的人,在你丧失精神能力时管理财产和财务。

持久授权书生效前,必须满足一些技术上的要求。最重要的一点是,该文件必须由香港律师见证,并由香港医生(通常是精神科医生)认证。医生会进行行为能力测试,确认你具备法律上指定的精神能力。

为了避免你的持久授权书被挑战,你应该向你的律师索取建议,是否需要定期评估或每年更新持久授权书。如果在当事人失去行为能力之前尚订立一份有效的持久授权书,家人需要根据《精神健康条例》第二部分,向法院申请成为受托监管人。这类型的申请需要花的时间比较长和律师费用比较昂贵,而且受托监管人每年都必须向法院提交关于资金使用的报告。

监护令

持久授权书可以处理财务事宜,而监护令的效用是为失去行为能力的人处理日常护理和生活的事情。

如果你正在考虑设定一份持久授权书或向法院申请监护令,或对遗产规划的其他方面有任何疑問,请随时联系我们。

Filed Under: 最新消息和刊物, 长者法律服务

Hong Kong Trade Marks Updates 2026

April 13, 2026 by OLN Marketing

The Trade Marks Registry has introduced a number of updates to its practices and procedures, reflecting developments under the latest edition of the Nice Classification as well as enhancements to filing and examination processes.


Update to search strategies under the 13th Edition of the Nice Classification

With the implementation of the 13th Edition of the Nice Classification, search strategies should be revisited to ensure comprehensive coverage of relevant goods and services. Practitioners are advised to review class headings, explanatory notes, and newly introduced terms, and to conduct broader and more targeted searches where necessary in order to mitigate the risk of citation or opposition based on similar marks in newly refined or reclassified categories.

The implementation of the 13th Edition may affect the class allocation of certain goods and services and, in practice, may require re‑classification for new applications or searches. However, existing registrations are generally not automatically reclassified; instead, the focus under the new edition is on ensuring that specifications and search stratere54gies properly reflect any changes in class allocation. Practitioners should review each specification item‑by‑item against the updated Nice Classification structure and, where appropriate, consider amending or narrowing descriptions to align with the revised class headings and notes.


Declaration of local physical presence by agents

Agents acting in trade mark matters are now required to declare that they maintain a local physical presence in Hong Kong. This requirement reinforces the Registry’s emphasis on ensuring accountability and effective communication within the jurisdiction.


New e‑filing capability for statutory declarations and affidavits

The Registry has expanded its e‑filing capabilities to include statutory declarations and affidavits. Notwithstanding electronic filing, parties are reminded that a copy of any statutory declaration or affidavit must still be served on the opposing party in paper form.

The Registry will also accept the e‑filing of authorities, skeleton arguments, or written submissions for which the parties wish to rely on at the hearing (referred to as “supporting materials”). The service of these supporting materials on the opposing party may be effected in paper form or, where mutually agreed between the parties, by way of electronic storage devices such as USB mass storage devices or portable hard disks with a USB interface.


Clarifications on absolute grounds of refusal under the Trade Marks Registry Work Manual

The updated Work Manual provides further guidance on examination practices in several key areas:

  • Marks contrary to morality or public policy: Greater clarity is provided on the types of marks that may be refused on the basis of being offensive, scandalous, or otherwise inconsistent with accepted societal standards.
  • Deceptive marks: The Registry has elaborated on the assessment of whether a mark has the capacity to mislead the public, particularly in relation to the nature, quality, or geographical origin of the goods or services.
  • Prohibited emblems and Article 6ter signs: Additional guidance is given on the treatment of marks incorporating protected emblems, flags, and insignia, including those covered under Article 6ter of the Paris Convention.
  • Descriptive and non‑distinctive marks: The Manual further clarifies the threshold for distinctiveness and the circumstances in which marks may be considered descriptive or lacking inherent distinctiveness, as well as the evidence required to establish acquired distinctiveness where applicable.

These updates underscore the importance of aligning filing and prosecution strategies with the latest Registry practices to ensure efficient processing and to reduce the risk of objections.


Resources: www.ipd.gov.hk (Trade Marks Registry Work Manual, Trade Marks Ordinance (Cap. 559), Nice Classification (13th Edition), User Guide

for E-Filing System, Terms of Use for Electronic Filing and Communication Services)

Disclaimer: This article is for reference only. Nothing herein shall be construed as Hong Kong legal advice or any legal advice for that matter to any person. Oldham, Li & Nie shall not be held liable for any loss and/or damage incurred by any person acting as a result of the materials contained in this article.

Filed Under: oln, 知识产权法 Tagged With: trademark

Oldham, Li & Nie Announces Promotion of Three New Partners

March 19, 2026 by OLN Marketing

We are pleased to announce the promotion of three senior associates to partnership. The new partners – Gon Yeung and Martin Tse from Tax Advisory and Dispute Resolution practice and Ivan Lee from the Family Law practice – represent the firm’s ongoing commitment to investing in top talent and strengthening its core practices.

The newly promoted partners have made significant contributions to the firm and its clients, demonstrating technical expertise, leadership, and a commitment to delivering high-quality legal services. The promotions support the firm’s strategic growth and reinforce its capabilities in complex contentious matters and private client work.

Commenting on the promotions, Senior Partner Gordon Oldham, said:

“We are delighted to welcome these talented lawyers to the partnership. Each of them embodies the firm’s values of excellence, collaboration, and client commitment, and their promotions reflect both their individual achievements and our continued investment in developing the next generation of OLN leaders.  As we continue to grow, their expertise and fresh perspectives will play an important role in shaping the future of our Tax, Dispute Resolution and Family Law services.”

Filed Under: 税务咨询部, 家事法, 争议解决 Tagged With: Promotion

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